Public health and clinical approach to proactive management of frailty in multidimensional arena

This review explores how frailty in older adults can be proactively managed from both a public health and clinical perspective. Frailty is a dynamic syndrome that increases the risk of adverse health outcomes such as hospitalization, dependency, and mortality. The authors advocate for an integrated approach that emphasizes early detection, prevention, and personalized care.

Three levels of intervention are discussed: population-based, individual-based, and integrated. At the population level, frailty should be addressed as a preventive priority within the aging process. At the individual level, early identification using validated screening tools is essential, followed by appropriate interventions such as exercise programs, nutritional support, or psychosocial care. The integrated approach focuses on collaboration between primary care, specialists, and social services, supported by digital tools and case management.

The authors stress that frailty is not an inevitable consequence of aging, but a modifiable condition. A proactive strategy can improve quality of life and reduce pressure on healthcare systems. The article concludes with recommendations for policy, practice, and research, including strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration, developing innovative care models, and systematically monitoring outcomes. This sets the foundation for a future-proof approach to managing frailty in an aging population.

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